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Important Things to Remember when writing Compositions

7. RELEVANT STEPS TO OBSERVE WHEN WRITING AN ESSAY:

1. TOPIC

e.g. : ‘Living in Ceilândia’

-          The general idea of the subject being discussed

-           It’s too broad. It’s broader than the topic sentence.

-          It doesn’t have to be made of a subject and a verb.

-          It doesn’t have to express an opinion.

2. THESIS STATEMENT

e.g.: Living in Ceilândia might be very exciting and dangerous, but I love it.

- It’s broader than the topic sentence.

- It states all the main ideas discussed in all the composition.

- It’s related to all the paragraphs.

- It usually comes in the introduction paragraph and in the last sentence.

-The thesis statement should be a statement someone can disagree with.

-It should not simple announce the topic, but it should express an attitude, an opinion.

-It should be a complete sentence (subject + verb + complement)

-It should not be a question.

-It expresses the controlling idea for the whole paragraph.

3. TOPIC SENTENCE

e.g.: 1. Living in Ceilândia might be  very exciting

                                                           2. Living in Ceilândia might be dangerous;

                                                           3. I like to live in Ceilândia

-It limits the topic. Each paragraph has its own topic sentence.

-It has to state an opinion. It introduces the main idea of the paragraph.

-It tells what the paragraph is about. Often suggests how the paragraph will be developed.

-Since it expresses an opinion, it usually has an adjective, an adverb or a modal verb.

-It’s a complete sentence with a subject and a verb.

-It has to be specific, narrowed down. (instead of writing about all kinds of violence in all the world, it’s   

  better to be more specific).

-The topic sentences in all the paragraphs must be related to the thesis statement.

4. CONTROLLING IDEA

e.g.: might be very exciting

- It’s the opinion stated in the topic sentence. It’s usually the adjective, adverb or modal verb mentioned in the topic sentence. (e.g. dangerous).

- All that is written in the paragraph must be related to the controlling idea.

-It´s never a fact (something obvious or that cannot be argued on the contrary)

5. SUPPORTING SENTENCE

because the people are very friendly, there places to visit like ‘Casa do Cantador’, the flea market in ceilândia center and many Faculties and a shopping center.

-The examples: quotation, stories, facts, statistics, anecdotes, details, etc, used to support or reinforce the opinion stated in the topic sentence.

-          Each paragraph should contain at least three supporting sentences.

-          Should be presented in a logical order (e.g. of time)

7. CONCLUDING SENTENCE

The last sentence in each paragraph which summarizes,  or restates the main idea of that paragraph in a different way.

6. KEYWORDS / IDEAS

e.g.: there are a lot of places to visit, landmarks, touristic atractions,  etc

-All the words, ideas or synonyms repeated along the composition to cause an emphatic effect.

Take notes:

·         “you”, “we”, “people” ,“he / “she”, “men” / “women”, when making generalizations. Use “one” instead. Eg. Women might feel insecure. (One might feel insecure).

·         The use of “I think” and the verb “get”, except when it’s part of an expression, e.g., get dressed. Find the most suitable synonym for the context.

·         Contracted form of verbs, such as: isn’t, can’t, doesn’t, etc.

The use of  “but”, “so” in the beginning of sentences. Use however, nevertheless, also, moreover, consequently ...

DO

* Use transition words that link ideas between sentences (transitions) or within a sentence (conjunctions)

To indicate the progression of ideas or to provide orderly connection between the ideas (coherence). E.g.:

Coordinating conjunctions: (they link ideas between independent clauses) and, but, yet, or, nor, so, for...

Subordinating conjunctions: (they link ideas between an independent and a subordinating clause)

To show :a cause, a reason: because, since

To show condition: if, unless, provided that, as long as

To show time: when, before, after, as, since, whenever, while, until

To show place: wherever

To show contrast / concession: although, though, even though, even if, whether or not, while

To show manner: as if, as though

To show purpose / result: so (that), in order (that)

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